Expected outcome / competence

Signals should be given clearly to let other road users know the intended course to be taken. Signals shown in the Highway Code should only be used, if it would help other road users (including pedestrians).

Signals should be given in good time and cancelled after the manoeuvre has been completed.

Pedestrians should not be beckoned to cross the road.

Assessment criteria – (example = necessary)

Driving fault

Signal applied but cancelled before the change in direction was complete.

Serious fault

Omitted an essential signal to inform other road user of a change in direction.

Dangerous fault

Any situation brought about by the above fault, that resulted in actual danger to the examiner, candidate, the general public or property.

Other faults:

Where necessary:

• Omitting to re-apply when it self cancels
• Omitting to give a signal where necessary

Correctly:

• Signalling unnecessarily
• Wrong arm signals
• Omitting to cancel after use
• Incorrect (i.e. left for right, right for left)
• Flashing the headlights at another driver to proceed or turn
• Having the hazard lights on whilst on the move
• Unnecessary use of the horn
• Beckoning pedestrians

Properly timed:

• Giving late exit signals at roundabouts
• Arriving at a junction and then signalling
• Signalling after starting the manoeuvre
• Signalling far too early or too late
• Misleading signal before intended left and right turn

The above is taken from The Driving Examiners Manual.

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/guidance-for-driving-examiners-carrying-out-driving-tests-dt1

Where appropriate it has been reformatted and edited so it only refers to the driving of ordinary cars (class b).